Saturday, August 22, 2020

Painting styles free essay sample

Neoclassicism, Impressionism and Abstract Expression all have their own style. Each is from an alternate time and think about various subjects. Neoclassicism was a piece of the European craftsmanship development during the late eighteenth and mid nineteenth hundreds of years. The motivation for this development originates from thr traditional workmanship and culture of antiquated Greece or old Rome. Neoclassic Artwork is exceptionally dispassionate. In this sort of work of art, craftsmen or painters utilized extremely dismal or dull hues. Regularly craftsmen that painted in the Neoclassical style painted authentic figures or individuals in great history. Craftsmanship of this style was exceptionally definite and characterized just as precise to the period they were speaking to. Neoclassical Art is exceptionally close to home and noteworthy. The entirety of this is reflected splendidly in the piece â€Å"The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries† by Jaques Louis David. The scrupulousness in this artwork truly breathes life into it and causes those review it to feel as though they are taking a gander at Napoleon face to face. We will compose a custom exposition test on Painting styles or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Impressionism Art, in contrast to Neoclassical Art, is a workmanship development that pondered the regular daily existence of a normal individual. Open air scenes of individuals doing typical things like shopping or playing in the recreation center or hosting an excursion or gathering. For instance, the bit of work of art by Pierre Aguste Renoir called â€Å"The Luncheon of the Boating Party† is a painting of simply that. Individuals eating together and chatting with one another. Impressionism began in the late 1860s and mid 1870s in Paris. Craftsmen that paint in this specific style will in general utilize free quick brushstrokes. Craftsmen utilized regular hues to give a sentiment of the real world and make the work of art progressively similar and genuine. I especially appreciate pieces done in the Impressionism style since they are warm and superb to take a gander at. Neoclassical work of art then again is plain and boring and in spite of the fact that the scrupulousness make these kind of artworks exceptionally sensible they dont radiate a warm comfortable inclination. Dynamic Expressionism is the most passionate style of the three styles examined in this synopsis. Craftsmen like Jackson Pollack who painted in this specific style utilized shading, development and signal to uncover their own emotions about their work of art. This isn't the situation with both Expressionism and Neoclassicism Art styles. The development of Abstract Expressionism was built up in America during the 1940s through 1960. It was a workmanship development that communicated political agitation and opportunity. Works of art in this style for the most part had hues that poured or trickled onto canvas to show feeling. Theoretical Expressionist specialists painted with genuine feeling and force for what they had faith in and what they were painting about. This is shown delightfully in Jackson Pollacks painting Autumn Rhythm. The utilization of shading and tones are ideal for communicating the period of harvest time and the manner in which the hues are dribbling on the canvas are an ideal case of the style that is spoken to in Abstract Expressionism. Every one of the three diverse canvas styles have their own special procedures and they each of the three have unmistakable attributes. Each style speaks to an alternate period and each style is communicated with aptitude by those craftsmen who decide to paint in that specific style. It is fascinating to know and perceive what number of various styles of painting there really are in workmanship and its likewise intriguing to realize that each style speaks to such a large number of various societies.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Wolves Essay -- essays research papers

Wolves The wolf was at one time a much criticized creature. In the western world, individuals dreaded and abhorred wolves, and this heritage is reflected in stories, for example, Little Red Riding Hood and The Boy Who Cried Wolf. In these famous youngsters' stories the wolf is described as a prowler and an enemy of animals and individuals. There is some reason for The Boy Who Cried Wolf, for wolves have executed steers and sheep. Be that as it may, what of Little Red Riding Hood? There are no records of wolves slaughtering people in Canada or the United States. However, when wolves were spotted close to rustic networks, dread used to hold the masses, yet after some time this has gotten less common. Today, numerous individuals realize that researchers examining wolves have lived near sanctums where there were little guys without being assaulted. They have even taken little guys from a nook without being harmed. The guardians have as a rule flee, returning later to take their young to a progressively private sanctum or to a meeting site (a spot where the pack meets). In territories where wolves are pursued or caught they dread individuals and are exceptionally watchful. In any case, in remote spots, for example, in the Canadian Arctic, they show little dread and will frequently permit individuals to live approach them. 200 years back, Canis lupus, otherwise called dim wolves, were more broadly conveyed than some other warm blooded creature of notable occasions. They lived in enormous regions of North America, Europe, and Asia; the main spots they couldn't involve were deserts, tropical downpour woods, and pinnacles of the most elevated mountain ranges. Wolves despite everything live in huge territories of the northern side of the equator; nonetheless, their crude range has been extraordinarily decreased because of changes in the scene and individuals' endeavors to eliminate them. In North America, wolves have been eliminated in the Atlantic regions, Mexico, the United States (with the exception of Minnesota, Alaska, and a portion of the western states), and the vigorously populated territories of southern Canada. They are as yet basic in softly settled segments of Canada from Labrador to British Columbia and in the Yukon and Northwest Territories. The red wolf was once normal in the southeastern United States. It has been dispensed with in nature. Be that as it may, through a hostage rearing system, the species is being reintroduced into its previous range. It is for all intents and purposes difficult to depict the normal appearance of wolves. Wolves of numerous enormous ice islands and Greenland normally show up sn... ...ibou numbers decrease. Wolves have just been annihilated in numerous spots. Be that as it may, there might be less threat of such overabundances later on, as wolf control is progressively founded on science as opposed to feeling. There is presently a more prominent mindfulness among individuals that the slaughtering by wolves of deer and other prey species, which we may need for ourselves, is certainly not an adequate explanation behind the eradication of wolves. Some of the time populaces of game creatures are fundamentally low, so on natural grounds wolf control could be legitimized; be that as it may, control programs are constantly contradicted by ever-expanding urban populaces. Proposed wolf separates have become major policy centered issues in numerous territories in North America. At the point when controls are done, they should be done to meet certain rules, which depend on sound logical data and stewardship of natural life populaces. In the wild plan of things wolves assume a significant job. Also, from a human perspective, the extraordinary intrigue and benefit of having this clever creature as a major aspect of our wild legacy ought to be adequate avocation for permitting it to get by in a wide assortment of wild and semi-wild zones everywhere throughout the world.

Friday, August 14, 2020

Essay Topics - Finding Easy Essay Topics

<h1>Essay Topics - Finding Easy Essay Topics</h1><p>The badly designed truth exposition subjects can be hard to make as you're handling them. The next might be useful as you decide to create your next essay.</p><p></p><p>The first interesting point when you're tending to the paper themes you've chosen is whether they are subjects that require a ton of composing or whether they are subjects that require less composition. In the event that you need a great deal of writing to handle the theme, at that point it's critical to check whether there is a shared conviction with what you need to pass on in the paper. On the off chance that you're taking a shot at a similar point along with another person, at that point the conspicuous methodology is talk about the subject and to consider the equivalent questions.</p><p></p><p>It's additionally simple to turn out to be excessively yearning and to transform the exposition into an a rduous undertaking since you're hurrying yourself into it. The snappier you address the point, the more certain you'll be tied in with introducing the subject in a way that persuades the peruser. In the event that you do this, you will find that the paper is difficult to review. At the point when you're hurried, your psyche will meander so much that you may neglect to give enough accentuation to the central matters you are attempting to convey.</p><p></p><p>When you address the paper themes you have picked, recall that you will likely wind up tending to these subjects a ton all through the term. On the off chance that you aren't cautious, you will wind up disregarding the inquiry that will drive the subject forward.</p><p></p><p>To maintain a strategic distance from this trap, recollect that a few papers are comprised of an unbalanced blend of parts. For instance, a gathering of issues and expositions may incorporate one where they tal k about how a football player built up his style and one that examine the language obstructions between the players. You can work this into the article themes that you compose so the points are somewhat harder to come up with.</p><p></p><p>You could even work around the limitations by adding extra exposition subjects to the blend. This won't just assistance to make the exposition all the more intriguing, yet in addition permit you to check whether you need to compose a specific article more than once.</p><p></p><p>All on the whole, it's not difficult to concoct paper subjects that are anything but difficult to compose. Essentially invest some energy making a rundown of the paper subjects you've thought of, and check whether there is any shared conviction between the topics.</p>

Saturday, August 1, 2020

Multiculturalism Essay Topics - What Are the Best Tips to Simplify?

<h1>Multiculturalism Essay Topics - What Are the Best Tips to Simplify?</h1><p>Migrants and multiculturalism article themes are frequently not straightforward. The typical expressions and terms used to discuss it tends to be somewhat difficult to comprehend for non-Britons, so how about we take a gander at a couple of tips. We'll see what we can do to make it simpler to compose a decent essay.</p><p></p><p>British bargoers like me love to gripe. What's more, we are a bustling part. However we have an affinity for whining. You can comprehend our protest when we are examining movement. For this situation, whining turns into an art.</p><p></p><p>We need to recollect that we are Brits for this situation. We are additionally outsiders with various societies and henceforth are probably going to grumble about the distinctions in the way of life too. Also, along these lines, we tend to overcomplicate things.</p><p> </p><p>This isn't to state that we ought to abstain from attempting to impart to our siblings and sisters with various societies. We can absolutely attempt to clarify the various parts of multiculturalism, or we can go for effortlessness and tastefulness in our speech.</p><p></p><p>When we talk about decent variety, we likewise need to recollect that there is consistently a propensity to offer significance to the correct issues. For instance, we may give a lot of significance to the issue of religion, however disregard different issues which influence individuals from various nations and cultures.</p><p></p><p>So, to streamline multiculturalism paper subjects, we have to remember that any conversation can be unpredictable. That is valid. In any case, by taking the straightforward way of rearranging matters, we can absolutely lessen the complexity.</p><p></p><p>Well, the most ideal approach to improve multiculturalism article subjects is to ensure that we talk about the issues from one perspective and the subtleties on the other. I imply that we should discuss the issues as they are and afterward talk about how the issues influence us too. In this manner, we would then be able to offer some exhortation. Obviously, any conversation needs to end with some conclusion.</p><p></p><p>And that end is this: The basic actuality of assorted variety is acceptable. It is an unavoidable truth and this is additionally the motivation behind why various kinds of social orders exist. We as a whole realize that there are contrasts in societies and dialects; and we have to acknowledge this reality. Obviously, assorted variety is anything but an awful thing, rather it is a positive thing.</p>

Wednesday, July 22, 2020

When Writing Your Reflective Essay, You Should Keep It Short and Specific?

<h1>When Writing Your Reflective Essay, You Should Keep It Short and Specific?</h1><p>When composing your intelligent paper, it is essential to compose with a reason and core interest. Numerous understudies leave their papers for last since they don't have the foggiest idea what to do straightaway, however it is ideal to require some investment to locate a decent spot to start composing the essay.</p><p></p><p>The initial phase during the time spent composing your intelligent article is to think regarding why you are composing it. Is it to give your class a thought of what it will resemble working with you? This can be an individual decision, however in the event that you feel this is the situation, at that point feel free to attempt to get that in writing.</p><p></p><p>Is it for individual reason? On the off chance that you have composed your own exposition previously, at that point this can be a simple inquiry to rep ly. Your motivation will be to have a response to something you have never been solicited, so attempt to think about an individual explanation behind composing it.</p><p></p><p>Is it a universally useful paper? Once in a while understudies have a broadly useful, yet this isn't generally the situation. Now and again they write to pose an inquiry and that might be all they need to state, or they need to tell their educator that they are okay and their work will be taken a gander at in due time. For this situation it might be simpler to compose a reflection that is intended to communicate them.</p><p></p><p>Then comes the heading wherein you should compose your intelligent paper. Now and again you may need to keep a portion of your own data, however there are a few expositions where it is more than likely going to be important to include something. Here and there it is difficult to pass on your thoughts in the event that they don't bode w ell, so set aside the effort to look into references when you have a few and let them manage you when you are writing.</p><p></p><p>What is the last section? Some of the time understudies don't understand they have utilized the last passage until after they have composed the entire thing, yet more often than not they will simply forget about it. On the off chance that you are uncertain, record it or set aside the effort to survey it toward the end. This is a significant piece of the article and can help pass on much better.</p><p></p><p>Start off with an objective, and ensure you center around it all through the piece. As you work through, keep a note pad with you and record whatever you go over. These are the things that you will need to recollect and use in later pieces of the essay.</p>

Wednesday, July 8, 2020

Essay Topics For Gun Control - Writing Powerful Essays For Gun Control

<h1>Essay Topics For Gun Control - Writing Powerful Essays For Gun Control</h1><p>Are you considering composing an exposition theme for firearm control? Is it true that you are attempting to discover papers that will be pertinent to this issue? Provided that this is true, you are in the ideal spot. I need to share some good thoughts for what to expound on in this article.</p><p></p><p>My first thought for exposition subjects for weapon control is something simple to expound on that identifies with a typical perspective. For instance, on the off chance that you are expounding on the impact that firearms have on wrongdoing, you could discuss why these firearms are bound to be utilized to carry out violations than different weapons, and why crime percentages are higher in the United States than in different countries. That way, your paper will bode well to any individual who peruses it.</p><p></p><p>Another thing that can identify with the point is the means by which weapons have free discourse issues. You could discuss how mass shootings are utilizing firearms in their assaults. In any case, this sort of conversation isn't generally proper. Rather, you could discuss the way that there is an option to remain battle ready in this country.</p><p></p><p>Another choice for article points for weapon control is the mental issues encompassing this issue. Specifically, a few people believe that firearms can really cause them to feel better or less anxious.</p><p></p><p>One of the most intriguing subject is the dubious issue of restricting particular sorts of weapons. A few people feel that weapons ought to be lawful, while others feel that they ought to be prohibited. It appears that there is a genuine discussion here, yet in all actuality, the choices are pretty limited.</p><p></p><p>Of course, on the off chance that you are discussing the issue of prohibiting weapons, you need to conclude how to state your theme. You may very well peruse this whole article, at that point consider the most ideal approach to express your theme for writing.</p><p></p><p>On the other hand, on the off chance that you choose to handle this subject with an alternate methodology, you may need to do a touch of investigation into the point. For instance, the word reference reveals to us that the meaning of the word 'boycott' signifies to restrain or confine, and to constrain basically intends to restrict without harming a person or thing else.</p><p></p><p>This is the reason I think it is critical to discover exposition subjects that include successful answers for our concern. Not exclusively will this make it simpler to compose, however it will likewise be bound to be paid attention to by the scholarly community.</p>

Sunday, June 28, 2020

Essay Topics For Vietnam War

<h1>Essay Topics For Vietnam War</h1><p>It is simpler than any time in recent memory to discover exposition subjects for Vietnam War. The individuals who were either in the military or have family members that served, will have the option to relate and can give us knowledge into the life of the men in Vietnam. There are various kinds of papers to look over so as to give understanding into what the war was all about.</p><p></p><p>The topic can incorporate recent developments, Vietnam history, or outright old history. Individual encounters can be incorporated too. Along these lines your article can get somewhat close to home, since the topic is the thing that made you who you are today.</p><p></p><p>Most understudies don't have the foggiest idea what to escape their subjects, since they don't have a clue what the subject is. Since you were in the military, your subject will identify with that too. This permits you to get more understanding into the war.</p><p></p><p>Essays will for the most part start with a genuine record of how the individual engaged in the war. That is the primary explanation they are composing the paper, since they need to discuss themselves. While this may not be the most intriguing article subject, it is the simplest one to compose since it centers around what they like to talk about.</p><p></p><p>Another purpose behind expounding on yourself is that you should have a military foundation. Numerous individuals don't think a lot about the military, particularly the individuals who were never in it. Numerous individuals were once in the military and don't have any acquaintance with it. On the off chance that they do, they know almost no about it.</p><p></p><p>Getting into the administration can be an extremely intriguing point for an exposition. Those that think about the Vietnam War will have the option to identify with the individual's understanding and can give them a knowledge into the world and the individuals of Vietnam. Those that served may not know anything about the war, and they can at present educate us regarding their time. In any case, they can assist you with recounting to a tale about your life and what you are happy to impart to the world.</p><p></p><p>There are numerous significant things that have been found out about war from the Vietnam War. Despite the fact that it is over now, it is as yet imperative to figure out how to deal with the war later on. These are only a portion of the paper themes for Vietnam War that you can write.</p>

Monday, June 15, 2020

Essay Samples of Why a Student Wants to Attend a Certain College

<h1>Essay Samples of Why a Student Wants to Attend a Certain College</h1><p>Many individuals who wish to promote their training to get on edge about expositions since they have an inclination that it won't help them in their profession. Then again, they may likewise feel that their folks never give them criticism with respect to their scholarly performance.</p><p></p><p>Sometimes these kinds of inquiries emerge from worry about composing articles as it turns out to be exhausting sooner or later. In such manner, we ought to allude to papers tests since the absolute most powerful individuals at schools and colleges typically offer input to understudies. One can without much of a stretch comprehend what sort of criticism they give and whether you are getting what you expect or not.</p><p></p><p>You may believe that your mother and father won't reveal to you much about your scholarly exhibition. That could be a motivation behind why you will in general stress a lot over what they think. In any case, then again, a few guardians additionally give their input so they can see whether their child or little girl has grown up well and he is getting capable enough to complete his school examines. They are likewise keen on observing whether your understudy has a decent character and an awareness of other's expectations towards his parents.</p><p></p><p>For such reasons, when you visit a school or college you can likewise search for counsel from the chief or the employee concerning what will be your proposal synopsis. This is the primary thing that individuals who go to such schools and colleges need to know. On the off chance that you have a decent impression with this announcement, your odds of progress will increase.</p><p></p><p>There are numerous articles tests of why an understudy needs to go to a specific school. There are numerous understudies who invest their whole school energy simply attempting to complete their papers. For this situation, this is anything but a smart thought since it won't help them in their career.</p><p></p><p>Students who experience difficulty completing their school work likewise spend extended periods of time exploring for the vital papers with the goal that they can have the option to complete their schoolwork. The fascinating part is that in a manner they are burning through their time and cash. That is the reason an individual who needs to improve his vocation must concentrate on getting passing marks in his last year of studies.</p><p></p><p>If you neglect to get passing marks in your investigations, at that point you are probably going to flop in the activity advertise on the grounds that businesses won't put a ton of trust in your scholarly presentation. These are a portion of the expositions tests of why an understudy needs to go to a specific school. O n the off chance that you can't have any significant bearing this to your own circumstance, at that point it is significant that you remember that it is essential to give your best in your last year.</p>

Friday, June 5, 2020

Computer Architecture Topics

Computer Architecture TopicsWhile computers are complicated devices that need to be operated with great care, there are also computer architecture topics that a student should know when considering a career in the IT industry. This article will discuss some of these subjects. In this way, students can be armed with knowledge that will help them in their decision making.To begin with, computers use many different computer architectures. Operating systems that are available are from Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh. Since so many different computer architectures exist, one must know which one is most appropriate to his or her needs and expectations.There are numerous types of operating systems. These include Linux, OS X, Windows NT, Sun Solaris, Novell, and Unix.In addition to these different operating systems, many of the different types of applications used in computers can also be researched in this research paper. Not only can they be studied, but they can also be evaluated. A pplications can be analyzed in terms of price, features, how much the application will cost for the user, how much it will cost to maintain, and how it will perform. After all, a good quality application can only make a computer run faster.Along with this, a student will also need to understand how to create, or add, software. This can be done by learning how to use a program called Visual Basic or COBOL. There are many types of computer architectures that the computer architecture topics discussed in this research paper include, and each has their own uses. One can learn about each of them by reading more in depth about them.Another topic in the research paper discussed in this article is the subject of information technology. Information technology includes the use of information from a variety of different computer architectures.Another good computer architecture topics that can be researched about is the field of networking. Networks are a major part of computers today. A good n etworking research paper will also include software applications and their security, and more.These and other computer architecture topics can be researched about in the form of research papers. Students should learn more about how to go about researching these topics, and study them carefully before selecting which topic to research.

Monday, June 1, 2020

The Synergy Behind A Merger And Acquisition Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

This is the basic equation of synergy which exists behind a merger or an acquisition. The main principle behind buying or acquiring a company is to create a shareholder value very much above that of the sum of the two companies. The total value of firms after MA is greater than their simple arithmetical sum and the reasoning behind MA is that when two companies join hands or somehow come together are more valuable than two separately existing companies. Mergers and acquisitions (MA) refers to the aspect of Corporate finance Corporate management Corporate strategies MA deals with the buying, selling, combining or acquiring of different companies that can financially aid or help a company to grow in a given industry and grow quickly without creating another business entity. It comes into play whenever a company considers to expand its business and gain market leadership at the cost of their current scenario. All the Strong companies buy other smaller companies to create a more cost-efficient and competitive company. The companies come together hoping to gain a larger market share as well as to achieve greater efficiency. It is due to these potential benefits that the target companies of the acquisition, will agree to be purchased when they know they cant survive alone in the market and shall eventually die in the future run. MA have become a huge driving force in the economic and the financial environment around t he world. They generally create huge public interest and presents the most dramatic picture of Corporate Finance. MA play a major part in the world of corporate finance. So MA can be regarded as a long term investment for the company which takes over the the other company. It rarely looks at the short term monetary benefits and weighs gaining leadership as a priority. The companies which participate in MA do so just because of their mutual benefits. MA helps firms to implement their strategic decisions of diversification for the maximisation of companys growth by expanding and enhancing their operations. It refers to the external expansion of a firm through combining with another company and gain competitive advantage in terms of Expansion of the customer base, Cutting out the competition Entry into a new market or a product segment. HISTORY OF MA Period Name Facet 1889 1904 Ist Wave Horizontal mergers 1916 1929 IInd Wave Vertical mergers 1965 1989 IIIrd Wave Diversified and Conglomerate mergers 1992 1998 IVth Wave Hostile takeovers; Congeneric mergers; Corporate Raiding 2000 Vth Wave Cross-border mergers MERGER It is a combination of two or more businesses so as to form one and it occurs when two or more companies combine to form a new company. The term Amalgamation is also used for a merger as all the assets, liabilities as well as the shareholders interest of the merging companies are agglomerated into the acquiring company. A majority vote of shareholders is required to approve a merger undertaking. Merger suggests a balance of strength and willingness between the two to join forces refers to the consolidation of companies. Merger is a financial tool that is used for enhancing long-term profitability by expanding their operations. Merger may be of two forms: Merger through absorption involves two or more companies which combine into an existing company and transfers all its assets, liabilities and shares to the acquiring company. Generally a smaller firm is absorbed by a larger firm for mutual benefits. Here the weaker firm loses its identity and becomes a part of the powerful firm, which assumes all the rights of the merging organisation. As a result the acquired company ceases to exist. e.g. Absorption of Tata Fertilizers Ltd (TFL) by Tata Chemicals Ltd (TCL), where TCL completely took over TFL. Merger through consolidation involves two or more companies which combine to form a new company. In this, all the companies are legally dissolved and a new entity is created. The assets and liabilities of the acquired company are transferred to the new company in exchange for shares or cash. E.g. In 1986, Hindustan Computers Ltd, Indian software Company Ltd, Hindustan Instruments Ltd and Indian Reprographics Ltd merged to form HCL Ltd. A fundamental characteristic of a merger (either through absorption or consolidation) is that the acquiring company (existing or new) takes over the ownership as well as the control of other companies and combines their operations with its own operations. VARIETIES OF MERGERS Horizontal Merger -refers to the merger of two companies which are direct competitors of one another. They serve the same market and sell the same product. This usually happens in the case of two competing companies merging who has the same product lines and markets. occurring between companies producing similar goods or offering similar services. occurs frequently as a result of larger companies attempting to create more efficient economies of scale. This type of merger can either have a very large effect or little to no effect on the market. When two very small companies horizontally merge, the results are less noticeable. e.g. If a small local drug store were to horizontally merge with another local drugstore, the effect of this merger on the drugstore market would be minimal. In a large horizontal merger, however, the resulting rippling effects can be felt throughout the whole economy and greatly affect the market sector. Large horizontal mergers are often seen as anticompetitive agreements, considering that If one company holding twenty percent of the market share combines with another company also holding similar market share, their combined share holding will then increase .This large horizontal merger gives the new company an unfair market advantage over its competitors. This promotes anti-competitive environment where the end customer suffers and has to succumb to the prices of the market leader and also the firm limits its production and gaining competitive advantage. e.g. The amalgamation of Daimler-Benz and Chrysler. The formation of Brook Bond Lipton India Ltd. through the merger of Lipton India and Brook Bond The merger of Bank of Mathura with ICICI (Industrial  Credit  and Investment Corporation of India) Bank The merger of BSES (Bombay Suburban Electric Supply) Ltd. with Orissa Power Supply Company The merger of ACC (erstwhile Associated Cement Companies Ltd.) with Damodar Cement say, if mer ging of Pizza Hut and Dominos McDonalds and Burger King Vertical Merger- a merger between a consumer and a company or a supplier and a company. Here two firms involved in the same business but on different levels join hands where the two companies involved in producing different goods and services for a specific finished product, integrate and one firm acquires another firm in the same industry but at a different stage in the production cycle. This merger allows the firm to gain more control of another level of the manufacturing or selling process within that single industry. It involves integrating its supply chain into its operations. The acquiring firm, through a vertical merger, may lower its cost of production and distribution and make more productive and efficient use of its resources. e.g. a baseball bat company merging with a wood production company. an ice cream cone supplier merges with an ice cream maker. Reliance Industries Lmtd. (RIL) merging with Reliance Petroleum Lmtd (RPL) Time Warner Incorporated, a major cable operation, and the Turner Corporation, which produces CNN, TBS, and other programming. Market-extension merger -  When two companies that sell the same products but in different markets merge. It basically expands the market base of the product. e.g. can be Bharti and Warid, extended its market in Bangladesh. Product-extension merger The merging of two companies selling different but somewhat related products in the same market. They usually serve a common market and enables the new company to go in for a pooling in of their products so as to serve a common market, which was earlier fragmented among them. e.g. The acquisition of Mobilink Telecom Inc. by Broadcom. Broadcom deals in the manufacturing Bluetooth personal area network hardware systems and chips for IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN whereas Mobilink Telecom Inc. deals in the manufacturing of product designs meant for handsets that are equipped with the Global System for Mobile Communications technology. Conglomeration Two companies which have no common business areas merge together and refers to the merger of companies, which do not either sell any related products or cater to any related markets. There are two types of conglomerate mergers: pure mixed. While the Pure conglomerate mergers involve companies with nothing in common between them, the mixed conglomerate mergers involve companies that are looking for product extensions or market extensions. Conglomerate mergers helps the companies to diversify and as a result, the merging companies can also bring down the levels of their exposure to risks. e.g. Reliance capital bought adlabs Phillip Morris, a tobacco company which acquired General Foods in 1985. TRIANGULAR MERGER -refers to the acquisition of a local company through a share swap with a local subsidiary that is wholly owned by a foreign buyer. Here the acquiring corporation could acquire control of the target firm without being a constituent corporation. The acquiring firm forms a new subsidiary into which the target firm is merged. The stockholders of the acquiring firm do not have the right to vote on the merger since they are not a constituent corporation. The stockholders of the target corporation will have the same rights as in a normal two-party merger. TRIANGULAR MERGER ACQUISITION -the act of acquiring effective control over assets or management of a company by other company without any combination of businesses or companies. Acquisition -it usually refers to a purchase of a smaller or a weaker firm by a larger and a powerful one. Objectives of Acquisitions: To complement or substitute for Research and Development To enter speedily into the emerging competitive markets To supplement the existing product and business with latest technology To acquire and retain the talented people and staff Acquisition may take two forms: Friendly Takeover or Acquisition: When management of the two firms mutually and willingly agrees for the takeover, it is called acquisition or friendly takeover. e.g. UK-based Vodafone AirTouch and the German Mannesmann AG, agreed to a friendly takeover in February 2000. Vodafone declared that it would fully respect the corporate culture of Mannesmann, including the employees co-determination rights. 2. Takeover (Hostile): When an acquisition is forced or unwilling it is called a takeover. As per MRTP Act, takeover means acquisition of not less than 25 percent of the voting power in a company. Hewlett-Packards takeover of Compaq. The deal was valued at $25 billion, Oracle buying PeopleSoft that happened in 2004. Microsoft planning to purchase Yahoo in a hostile environment Although, they are often considered to have the same meaning, the terms merger and acquisitions are slightly different from each other. Mergers Acquisitions It occurs when two or more companies combine to form a new company. It occurs when a company takes over another company Significant restructuring occurs in the company Corporate leadership doesnt change much Very few deals of this type takes place Most of the deals that occur are of this type only Both the companies stocks are surrendered and new company stock is issued in its place. The acquired companys stocks are transferred and its assets are merged into the acquiring companys assets. Both of CEOs agree that joining together is in the best interest of both of their companies. The target company also does not want to be purchased. occurs between equals occurs only when one large takes over a smaller one ensures profitability without any negative connotation carries a negative impression on everyone Although, in reality an acquisition takes place, the firms declare it as a merger to avoid any negative impression. Whether a purchase is con sidered as a merger or an acquisition actually depends on the purchase whether it is friendly or hostile and how it has been announced. So the real difference lies in how the purchase is communicated to all and received by the target companys board of directors, shareholders and employees. Some Motives of Mergers and Acquisitions Economy of scale: refers to the fact that the combined company can reduce its fixed costs by removing redundant departments or operations, lowering the costs of the company and thus increasing their profit margins. Economy of scope: refers to the efficiencies associated with demand changes, like increasing/decreasing the scope of the marketing and distribution of a wide array of products. A company uses a specific set of skills to widen its activities. e.g. Proctor and Gamble can enjoy economies of scope if it acquires a consumer product company. Increased revenue or market share: It assumes that the buyer will be absorbing and amalgamating a major competitor and thus increase its market power (by capturing increased market share). Geographical or other diversification: It is designed to smoothen the earnings results of a company, which over the long term smoothens the stock price of a company, giving the investors extra confidence in investing in the company. Taxation: A profitable company can buy a loss maker to use the targets loss as their advantage by reducing their tax liability. Synergy: For example, managerial economies such as the increased opportunity of managerial specialization. Another example is of purchasing economies due to increased order size and associated bulk-buying discounts. Resource transfer: the resources are unevenly distributed all across the firms and the interaction of target and acquiring firm resources can create value through either overcoming information uneveness or by combining scarce resources. Vertical integration: Vertical integration occurs when an upstream and downstream firm merge and the reason is to internalise an externality problem. e.g. company engaged in oil exploration and production (ONGC) with company engaged in refining and its marketing (HPCL) to improve coordination and control. DUBIOUS REASONS FOR MERGER Diversification Achieve risk reduction Depends on the correlation Lower financing cost Larger size and greater earnings stability Reduce the cost of borrowing More feasible than internal investment MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS: VALUATION Investors in a company whose   aim is to take over another one must determine whether the purchase will be beneficial to them; they must find out how much the company being acquired is actually worth and is it an advantageous acquisition or not. Naturally, both the sides of an  MA deal will have varied ideas about the worth of a target company: its seller will tend to value  the company as high of a price as possible, whereas the buyer will try to get the lowest price that he can. There are some legitimate ways to value companies. The most common is to look at the comparable companies in an industry, but deal makers employ a variety of other methods and tools when assessing a target company. Comparative Ratios   the basic comparative metrics on which acquiring companies  may base their offers: Price-Earnings  Ratio  (P/E Ratio)   With this, an acquiring company  makes an offer  which is  a mult iple of the earnings of the target company. Enterprise-Value-to-Sales  Ratio  (EV/Sales)   With this, the acquiring company can make an offer as a multiple of the revenues, also, being aware of the  price-to-sales(P/S) ratio  of other companies in the industry as well. Discounted Cash Flow  (DCF) -  evaluation tool in MA, Discounted cash flow analysis determines a companys current value according to its estimated future cash flows. The forecasted free cash flows (net income  + depreciation/amortization capital expenditures change in working capital) are discounted to present value using companys weighted average costs of capital  (WACC). Replacement Cost   When the acquisitions are based on the cost of replacing the target company. Suppose the value of a company is the sum of all its equipment and staffing costs resources and the acquiring company can order the target to sell at that price, or it will c reate a competitor for the same cost price. Obviously, it would take very long to assemble effective management, acquire properties and get the correct equipments. So this method of establishing a price certainly wouldnt make much sense in a service industry where the key assets people and the ideas are hard to value, retain and develop. Synergy- The idea that the value and performance of two companies combined will be greater than the sum of the separate individual parts. The Buyers will need to pay a premium if they hope to even acquire the company, inspite of what pre-merger evaluation advises them. For the sellers, it is that premium which represents their companys future prospects. As for the buyers, this premium represents part of the post-merger synergy they expect can be achieved. For example, if Company A has an excellent product but lousy distribution whereas Company B has a great distribution system but poor products, the companies could create synergy wi th a merger. When NPV is positive then the acquisition appears viable and profitable for the company and enhances its growth prospects. If company A wants to buy company B, then NPV of purchase must be 0. NPV = Gain Cost 0 Gain = PVAB (PVA + PVB) = Value of Synergy i.e. PV of combined company AB than PV of each separate entities. COMPENSATION IN MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS Firm A acquires firm B Determine benefit of the merger Benefit = PVAB (PVA + PVB) Acquiring company to compensate acquired company by: Compensation in Cash Compensation in Stock COMPENSATION IN CASH Firm A acquires firm B and compensates in cash COMPENSATION IN CASH = CASH PVB NPV to A = Benefit Cost = [(PVAB (PVA + PVB)] [Cash PVB] = PVAB PVA Cash NPV to B = (Cash PVB) Compensation in Stock Sometimes, instead of paying cash, we can compensate acquired company in terms of stocks. Firm A plans to acquire firm B. True cost will be: COST = ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ± PVAB PVB PVAB = PVA + PVB + benefit COST = ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ±PVAB PVB NPV to A = Benefit cost Usually, it is observed that if compensation is paid in cash, cost of acquisition is independent of the gains of acquisition. On the other hand, if the compensation is paid in stock, cost of acquisition is dependent on the gains of acquisition. FACTORS: CASH V/S STOCK COMPENSATION Whether to pay for an acquisition in cash or in stock is an important decision. It depends on these factors: Overvaluation: if acquiring firms stock is overvalued relative to acquired companys stock, paying in stock can be less costly than paying in cash. Taxes: considering shareholders of the acquired firm, cash compensation is a taxable transaction while stock compensation is not. Sharing of Risks and Rewards: if cash compensation is paid, then shareholders of acquired firm neither bear risks nor enjoy rewards of merger. On the other hand, if stock compensation is paid, shareholders of the company partake in the risks as well as rewards of the merger. Discipline: usually seen that acquisitions financed by cash tend to succeed more compared to acquisitions financed by stock because perhaps cash buyers are more disciplined, circumspect and rigorous in their evaluation. Biggest Recent Mergers and Acquisitions deals in India Tata Steel acquired 100% stake in Corus Group in 2007 with an all cash deal amounting to $12.2 billion. Vodafone purchased administering interest of 67% owned by Hutch-Essar for a worth of $11.1 billion in 2007. The acquisition of Japanese pharmaceutical company Daiichi Sankyo by Indian major Ranbaxy for $4.5 billion. The Oil and Natural Gas Corp purchased Imperial Energy Plc in 2009 and The deal amounted to $2.8 billion. In 2008 NTT DoCoMo, the Japan based telecom firm acquired 26% stake in Tata Teleservices for USD 2.7 billion. CONCLUSION Mergers and Acquisitions form an important facet of Corporate Finance and Strategy. It is involved in Investment Banking too. Many companies believe that the best way to  gain competitive advantage  is to  expand ownership boundaries through MA. MA is basically depicted by the equation 1+1=3, which means that a combined company is far more valuable than separately existing business entities. Investors can be confident that a merger will always deliver enhanced market power. A merger involves the mutual decision of two companies to combine and become  one entity; it  can be seen as a decision made by  two equals whereas a takeover or acquisition, is characterized by the purchase of a smaller company by a much larger one. A  merger  takes place when two or more companies decide to combine into one entity or business or when one company buys another, while an  acquisition  always involves purchase of o ne by another company. Mergers generate synergies which  allows for enhanced cost efficiency of a new entity made from two smaller entities synergy is the basic principle behind mergers and acquisitions. Most gains are pushed towards the selling shareholders and an MA deal can be completed by a cash transaction, stock  transaction or a combination of both. The acquiring companies use several methods to evaluate their targets. Some are based on the comparative ratios like the  P/S   and P/E   ratios -  replacement cost  or  discounted cash flow  analysis.

Friday, May 29, 2020

Native American Women of Medicine Sample Essay

Local American Women of Medicine Sample EssayWhat is an example exposition that you can submit as a reaction to an example study about Native American ladies of medication? This is an incredible open door for Native ladies to tell others how they think and feel. What you might be pondering is the means by which to get this sort of paper in a short section that will truly grab the eye of the editors at the organization that is leading the survey?Most of the articles that are expounded on Native American culture originate from a particular point. You should round out an inquiry overview to gain admittance to the examples. The motivation behind why the editors will do a study is on the grounds that they need to ensure that the data you give isn't one-sided. That implies that they need to ensure that the data they are getting from you is precise and truthful.To compose an exposition about a specific subject, you should discover the data that is identified with the point. The most ideal a pproach to do this is to ask your companions, family, and colleagues who may have skill in the subject. In the event that they don't disclose to you where to discover the data, at that point you may need to search for it. You may even do some online research on the theme to discover a few statistical data points that will give you a superior thought of the topic that is being discussed.You can likewise take a gander at some online assets. These sites are allowed to utilize. You can go to them and quest for the watchwords that you will use in your article. A significant number of these sites will assist you with getting the data that you requirement for free.Then, when you have the data, you should go to the survey locales and hear the thoughts of the specialists. This is the place you will locate that numerous individuals have just expounded on the subject. You can get feelings from their encounters recorded as a hard copy that will give you a superior thought of others' opinion of the subject.SOURCE has presented their exposition to an example overview just as an online study. Susan Picotte said that she would compose an article on the off chance that somebody asked her to. Susan composed that the choice for her to compose a paper was made when she was perusing the web and saw that there were some other Native ladies doing it.Susan composed that she felt that the assessment ought to be heard. She said that she feels that the assessments given in the example expositions that she read were not very objective.SOURCE was likewise content with the sentiment that Susan Picotte gave them about their composing task. They despite everything have the example exposition to survey and will before long have the option to hear their own point of view.

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

The Do This, Get That Guide On Samples Essay Writing

<h1> The Do This, Get That Guide On Samples Essay Writing</h1> <h2> Definitions of Samples Essay Writing </h2> <p>An expanding number of number of assignments is at present being designated to the understudies so they pay special mind to much greater amount of things and end up picking up bunches of information with respect to that particular theme. Clearly, you won't have a clue about the exact subject of the exposition till you arrive (similarly as the manufacturer may not comprehend what shading his customer will paint the parlor), yet you will have a universally handy casing on which to build an astounding paper paying little mind to what the point is. At the point when you check at two sentences, the result isn't appropriate for the reason. It's shrewd that you ask your educator in the absolute first spot for any kind of inquiries. </p> <p>Another sort of proof that is frequently used as a substitute to established truths or insights is the account. Lamentably, you may not generally be in a situation to perceive the name of a specific person. You haven't a thing to be stressed over when requesting from our web webpage. After you've decided the purpose of your paper, you're comprehend what data must be incorporated and the way that it must be introduced. </p> <p>Essay composing models in doc design like the ones given may help lead you recorded as a hard copy an unrivaled sythesis. It's critical to choose far from being obviously true factious article subjects as you need contradicting focuses that you could counter to your own focuses. Henceforth, on the off chance that you think banking articles are exhausting simply like your association examines are, at that point you're presumably off-base here. You don't have to procure too specialized with lawful pugnacious articles, however ensure you get your work done on what the current laws about your preferred theme really state. </p> <p>Our work will be totally one of a kind, giving you a decent establishment of scholarly information and reference material. It's critical to peruse cautiously paper administrations audits, since you might want to maintain a strategic distance from low astounding administrations. When being reviewed on the standard of work introduced, the educators will normally base the last grade around certain measure. </p> <h2> A Secret Weapon for Samples Essay Writing </h2> <p>Most scholarly article subjects ordinarily request that you select a side in a contention or possibly to shield a particular side against analysis. As an end, our gathering of gifted specialists likewise gives a last decision which will assist you with settling on an all around educated decision. The discoveries, along these lines, suggest that for compelling administration of the conditions, patients should get engaged to execute the activity for a propensity so they can effectively attempt it with no overs ight. To compose a magnificent factious article the understudies initially should examine a few sides of the contention, permitting them to make an informed position. </p> <p>You'll positively lose the contention if no one wishes to peruse your article. You may purchase customized articles on the web at the present time. Another smart thought is to get some totally free article instances of various types and on different subjects to locate a general thought of the manner by which a prosperous begging to be proven wrong paper looks.</p> <p>Inspiration to make your own publicizing or media pugnacious article points isn't hard to find. You can't focus on all assignments all the while, yet it is a ton less complex and quicker to make an article when you experience an outline of the way that it should be finished. The fact of the matter is that somebody with a wide running jargon should be in a situation to talk about any of the standard paper points effectively utilizing words that are specific to that theme. There are two significant methods by which you can utilize the most incessant IELTS paper themes to your advantage. </p> <p>If you're feeling that you expect somebody to create my paper right now, you can simply depend on our genuine audits. Utilize a short account, a concise you're composing. You have to see how to urge perusers to continue perusing. Interestingly, you have to pay to discover the paper edit. </p>

Sunday, May 24, 2020

How to Write a Successful Science Fair Research Paper

The most effective method to Write a Successful Science Fair Research PaperScience reasonable undertakings should be imaginative, however they additionally need to follow a particular example. The science reasonable research paper needs to cover a few territories and a few logical orders. It is additionally something that many individuals might want to do. You have to realize that however, so you can benefit from your science reasonable project.One of the issues with science reasonable activities is that they don't follow any sort of example. They are typically disorderly and you probably won't recall how they were totally assembled. You will discover numerous individuals leave science reasonable tasks at home while never completing them. This is on the grounds that they are excessively worried by the whole process.One of the most ideal approaches to dodge these issues is to just utilize a logical venture layout as your guide for the entirety of your science reasonable tasks. On the off chance that you can discover one that as of now has an enormous number of tasks recorded, at that point you ought to feel free to utilize it. This will assist you with getting sorted out and to recall everything else. When you've made sense of the stuff to compose a fruitful science reasonable research paper, at that point you should investigate getting one of these templates.The second step you have to would when you like to make your first science reasonable undertaking work is to pick a topic. Your topic ought to be identified with the exploration that you intend to do. You will likewise need to decide if you need to compose your own paper or whether you need to enlist somebody to keep in touch with one for you. It is conceivable to make your own paper, however it can take a ton of time and exertion, so it might be smarter to just recruit somebody to do it for you.Once you have a topic and a strategy set up, at that point you can proceed onward to the following stage. This is to locate a decent science reasonable research paper format that issuitable for the point that you have chosen to examine. You should search for layouts that can without much of a stretch be changed and that incorporate a high measure of data. You ought to likewise guarantee that the format will permit you to monitor your work with the goal that you remember anything.The next thing you have to do is to make sense of which addresses you have to reply. Each subject requires various inquiries to reply, so you should discover a format that permits you to do this. You ought to likewise guarantee that every format contains the responses to these inquiries, so you can compose your paper from the data. This is going to spare you a great deal of time.The last advance in finishing your first science reasonable research paper is to ensure that you really take in something from your examination. This is significant. A decent science reasonable research paper must have the option to exhibit to the appointed authorities why you have done the examination and why it was fruitful. This is a significant viewpoint that you ought not forget.Finally, you should take a gander at different classes that the format can assist you with filling out. The exact opposite thing you have to do is to make sense of how you will compose your paper. These are extremely significant advances that you should take when you need to compose an effective science reasonable research paper.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Modern History Research Paper Topics

Modern History Research Paper TopicsThere are many good modern history research paper topics, but what is the best way to choose a topic? Are there bestseller lists for the topics? Many students are only vaguely aware of the list and if they know what it includes, they often don't go looking for it.One of the key indicators of a good paper is the topics chosen. If they are chosen in haste and care is not put into them, then they may be mediocre.First of all there are two main categories of good research paper topics. These are historical and sociological. You can look at a research paper and judge its usefulness by its topic.It is important to remember that when choosing good research paper topics you have to take into account the abilities of the writer. The more you give the writer a subject to work with, the better it will be. Think about how good you think the writer would do in this type of subject.Some sociological research paper topics include global warming and the rise of th e under-rated world peace movement. Another sociological research paper topic is the changing nature of women's work and domestic duties in the twenty-first century. Both of these topics will not be taken up by most modern history papers.Although historical research paper topics will always remain the most popular, they do have their pitfalls. One of the biggest problems is that a lot of the best historical writing will have already been done. Therefore you need to take into account what that historical writing has to say about your topic.Fortunately there are a number of good modern history research paper topics. One of the best examples is titled 'The Politics of Memory'. This paper does a good job of discussing the ways in which memories are formed and kept and what kinds of memories are valuable.You can use the Internet to get ideas for the topics you should write about, and there are also many online courses you can take which provide you with the material you need to write goo d modern history research paper topics. So keep this in mind: writing is not just about telling others what you know but also in providing your readers with information.

Friday, May 22, 2020

SpaceX Falcon Heavy Essay Samples - The Essay Works For You

<h1>SpaceX Falcon Heavy Essay Samples - The Essay Works For You</h1><p>NASA has built up a progression of SpaceX Falcon Heavy paper tests that are being offered out to understudies, workforce and staff in the Astronaut Candidate Training Program (ACT). These understudies will do certain obligations during their three months of preparing on board the ISS. The genuine sequencing is controlled by the Astronaut competitors, who may not end up on board the ISS.</p><p></p><p>All of the missions of past space offices have been to some degree an advanced science, and huge numbers of the materials have been utilized in the past for different errands. The SpaceX Falcon Heavy may be viewed as a major aspect of another wave in development inside NASA. The organization is answerable for the advancement of Dragon, which was the primary rocket to effectively arrive on a space rock and take off once more. This crucial spot in 2020, yet it is being viewed as another progression forward in the technique of utilizing mechanical rocket in exploration.</p><p></p><p>The paper tests are given by an organization that will permit your composing administration to compose a working thesis. The objective of this is to help your customers, as they experience the periods of the application procedure at NASA and some other NASA office, just as some other colleges they might be applying to. The motivation behind this is to assist you with the contemplations, structure and configuration of a proposition dependent on the substance you have arranged for your students.</p><p></p><p>The SpaceX Falcon Heavy is one of the most goal-oriented ventures to come out of NASA, yet it has one unmistakable bit of leeway over its rivals. It utilizes an alternate kind of sponsor than different vehicles have utilized up until now. This sponsor is being created by SpaceX related to NASA to aid the advancement of things to c ome booster.</p><p></p><p>What's astonishing about the paper tests is that it does precisely what you would anticipate that it should do. The essayist will take the entirety of the data and collect it into a strong idea. From that point, you can pivot and apply what you have figured out how to your own exploration and composing process.</p><p></p><p>Any time you're working with somebody like this present, it's imperative to ensure that you're taking advantage of the composing administration. In the event that you are an ace author and you realize that there is an exposition test accessible for this task, at that point that will help incredibly. On the off chance that you're not, at that point you can generally cause recommendations to your author about how they to can approach the information.</p><p></p><p>You would prefer not to get disheartened or take an excess of downtime of work or of your own learning. Num erous individuals are extremely on edge about composing their articles for NASA and they would prefer not to lose center or divert themselves from the job that needs to be done. A decent essayist can assist you with achieving that.</p><p></p><p>With the correct help, the composing administration can assist you with using this asset in a manner that is helpful for your very own learning style. Ensure that you're working with somebody who realizes that you have just arranged and is just helping you to put forth the best defense for it. That implies that the last item can be great.</p>

Saturday, May 16, 2020

Automated Design And Modelling Of Knuckle Joint - 1430 Words

AUTOMATED DESIGN AND MODELLING OF KNUCKLE JOINT ABSTRACT This paper shows the methodology of developing an application for design process of machine element making a Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE) in the visual basic interfacing with the solid works to automate the task of repetitive design process and design models, while reusing and modifying the existing designs in a Computer Aided Design (CAD) environment. The presented work shows the procedure for developing KBE tools for standard design process of machine element and mechanical /engineering parts and assemblies based on the empirical relations. With the proposed methodology and the developed Graphic User Interface (GUI), it is possible to achieve direct interaction between†¦show more content†¦KBE is a system or process which collects and stores and organizes this knowledge and makes it available in the reusable form by providing computational support to the design process. The need of KBE arouse due to problems in current knowledge structure, which is disorganized. Existing databases, designs, thumb rules, etc. are not maintained in order, which makes the reusability difficult. Current knowledge structure is not secure also, as the databases that are not prepared centrally are susceptible to changes by other designers and loose reliability. Capturing knowledge is essential, but capturing the knowledge that is not necessary would lead to confusion and decrease effective reusability. KBE systems solve all the problems which are indicated above. KBE allows designers to devote more time and effort in creative and the innovative work and makes design process simpler. KBE system automatically extracts the given necessary knowledge from every stage of design cycle, and makes this knowledge available for remaining design cycles. KBE system allows capturing and organization of knowledge in an efficient manner. With the application of KBE, it is possible to an alyze the possibility of manufacturing any part, knowing whether design is optimal or there are other alternative solutions available based on the designer. The objective of the present work is to develop methodology for automating

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

The Advantages of Literary Journalism Essay Topics

<h1> The Advantages of Literary Journalism Essay Topics</h1> <p>Keep rehearsing, you will arrive. There's a massive weight on understudies, and they should complete their reporting exposition in time. The exposition on news-casting requests inside and out comprehension of the ideas, and what's more, it needs a great deal of time and commitment. After you find a grant you have to discover progressively about, address your counsel with the goal that they can help answer your inquiries in regards to the application approach. </p> <p>Literary writings can be deciphered from multiple points of view. Abstract news coverage is a kind of true to life that consolidates truthful revealing with some of the story procedures and expressive methodologies generally associated with fiction. Reporting morals is a crucial part in guaranteeing that the information distributed is sensible to all (Stovall, 2005). For example, one grant might be for business majors, however you're studying training. </p> <p>While the case columnists are correspondence experts, the opposite doesn't remain constant. The enormous inquiry that is ordinarily posed in the news coverage circles is whether writers are allowed to mislead can uncover the real conduct of others. Our specialists are absolutely outfitted with an entire openness to libraries and globally eminent distributions. Inside this paper, an endeavor will be made to exhibit the contrasts among writing and news-casting. </p> <p>You will be going outside your own encounters to find and compose your accounts. In this way, it's a huge establishment for grouped epic stories! Make sense of which of the subjects, you presently have a genuinely decent foundation on which will make it workable for you to have a relative edge. For a few, it may be the absolute first time they've been away from family for a drawn-out period. </p> <h2>Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Literary Journalism Essay Topics Is Wrong < /h2> <p>Morality Essay Topics Morality is a theme that is precious to a lot of people. Any citations or copyrighted material utilized in the article must be perceived appropriately. While choosing a theme for a vital article verify you take a point you're ready to oversee. Truth is a condition of news coverage and the report must be applicable. </p> <p>Journalism papers ought to have appealing inscriptions and must be intriguing notwithstanding educational. Kawamoto states that Digital Journalism is an intense plan to characterize decisively as it can mean different things to different people. Reporting must be valid however essayists of fiction are allowed to lie. It must be valid while authors of writing are permitted to lie. </p> <p>Literature exposition points empower you to limit back on a particular thought or detail, it's essential to pick the article subjects you're keen on. Papers must be written in English. Composing an incredible influential exposition isn't a simple activity, in any case, it's attainable. Regardless of whether you are keen on an exposition about news coverage or a natural issues paper, you'll get it at the absolute best cost. </p> <h2>Literary Journalism Essay Topics - What Is It? </h2> <p>By taking as much time as necessary to perform arbitrary on-line look into, you will experience heaps of assets web based contribution you the absolute best hacks and exhortation to build up the best papers or reaction to writing exposition model. You will find that some of the subjects can be adjusted to suit practically any kind of composing task. Choosing the most appropriate theme that will draw the enthusiasm of an expansive assortment of perusers is critical. End eavor to forestall referencing immaterial for the point info.</p> <p>Writing quality expositions is the chief utilization of our administrations. Ensure that you don't succumb to various administrations where they use unequivocally a similar report for various understudies. Moreover, we furthermore offer you some additional advantages at whatever point an understudy enlists us for our article composing administrations. A few understudies use the absolute first thought that shows up in their mind and work on it, however the result isn't gainful. </p>

Saturday, May 9, 2020

Research Thesis Writing Service

<h1>Research Thesis Writing Service</h1><p>There are numerous advantages to recruit an examination theory composing administration. Obviously, there are a couple of detriments also. So here is a review of the focal points and detriments of the two methodologies you can take when you are prepared to compose your exploration paper.</p><p></p><p>One significant bit of leeway of utilizing a theory composing administration is the simplicity, all things considered, For instance, in case you don't know about whether your thought for a paper is a decent one, the administration can assist you with that. They will ask you inquiries about the theme and get you to chip away at a draft of your examination. When you are done, they will give the last draft to you for audit and approval.</p><p></p><p>Many proposal composing administrations likewise offer altering administrations to customers. The more data they have about your task, t he better. This guarantees you'll get a completed item, and not only a thought or silly draft. On the off chance that you are a lethargic author, this might be all you need.</p><p></p><p>Writing an exploration paper is difficult work. It is particularly not normal for whatever else, particularly on the off chance that you are endeavoring to investigate and compose a paper or a school venture. This implies you have to do it right the first run through, and the postulation composing administration ought to be happy to take that on board.</p><p></p><p>If you utilize a proposal composing administration, you won't need to invest such a great amount of energy in it yourself. This is particularly useful in the event that you are occupied and don't have the opportunity to give to a proposal without anyone else. Likewise, they can assist you with making it look great and keep it looking great. That can mean the contrast between getting a passin g mark, and an unremarkable evaluation, or even no evaluation at all.</p><p></p><p>When you utilize a proposal composing administration, you can feel certain that they have the experience important to appropriately alter your paper. The exact opposite thing you need is an ineffectively composed paper. You can feel sure about utilizing a proposition composing administration since they have the experience important to compose an elegantly composed, scholastically stable paper.</p><p></p><p>Since they handle everything, there is almost no stress over employing another essayist to compose your paper. This implies you can focus on different pieces of your scholarly vocation and abstain from stressing over presenting your paper. That is a consolation and one of the significant focal points of utilizing an exploration composing service.</p><p></p><p>As you can see, there are a few favorable circumstances and detriments to recruiting an examination composing administration. Research composing administrations are an incredible decision for any understudy who needs assistance with a theory paper. In any case, in the event that you are a sluggish essayist, you might need to search somewhere else for assistance.</p>

Friday, May 8, 2020

Top Essay Topics For Writing Your Essay On World War I

Top Essay Topics For Writing Your Essay On World War IWhen writing an essay on the subject of World War I, it is important to first research the topic of the essay. There are many World War I essay topics that will help you in preparing your essay. When you are prepared for your research and preparations, you will be able to write a World War I essay that is unique and creative.The research on the subject of World War I can help you in considering the different aspects of World War I. If you are not familiar with World War I, do a little research on the subject before you begin to write. You will not be able to adequately complete your essay if you do not fully understand the subject of the essay.The best World War I essay topics include subjects that help you in completing the essay. One of the best essays on World War I is one about the importance of military strategy. You should also consider subjects like morality and ethics. Essays on World War I must include these two subjects in order to provide an accurate analysis of World War I.An essay on World War I can use references such as political speeches and biographies. You should also consider how World War I influenced the world's views. Some of the ways that World War I impacted the world include the entry of France into the First World War, the end of the Great Depression, and the entry of Japan into the Second World War.When you are writing a World War I essay, it is important to include other World War I topics that have changed the world. The increasing acceptance of homosexuality and abortion during World War I have had a profound effect on the world's view of homosexuality. The acceptance of women's suffrage and other causes during World War I have impacted the world's view of women. Finally, World War I has impacted the world's view of slavery. war One of the best World War I essay topics is to analyze the military action from a history perspective. This allows you to compare the military actions o f the European nations with their histories. You can also compare the military actions of the United States with the battles that took place during the Battle of the Somme.Writing-World War I essays is not easy, but if you are prepared and research the topic of the essay you will have the opportunity to produce a masterpiece. World War I provides the opportunity to write an essay on the subject of the essay topics that you choose.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Determinism Vs. Free Will - 1341 Words

Determinism is a doctrine suggesting that for every event there exist conditions that could cause no alternative event. Free will is a philosophical term describing a particular sort of capacity of rational agents to choose a course of action from among various alternatives. Understandably, the dichotomy between these two concepts is a topic philosophers have debated over for many years. As a result of these debates, a number of alternative philosophical perspectives arguing for the existence of free will, namely libertarianism and compatibilism, have emerged, existing in stark contrast to determinism. In order to ascertain the extent to which free will is compatible with determinism, one must first consider these different approaches to†¦show more content†¦Their wills, which are believed to be freely gained, are actually the result of a causal chain originating from birth. The fact that humans are governed by their genes and environment means that the ability to make moral decisions as free agents is illusory. For these reasons, the hard determinist position, which is a sound, science-based theory, seems to be incompatible with the concept of free will. Diametrically opposed to hard determinism is a philosophical viewpoint with which free will is closely compatible: libertarianism. Proponents of this position, such as philosopher William James, maintain that humans are all free and therefore, liable for their actions. When making a decision, people â€Å"choose which path to take, and (†¦) are as a result responsible for that choice†. With this in mind, â€Å"the testimony of our direct, lived experience† is what offers â€Å"the most compelling grounds† for this argument; according to James, evidence of free will cannot be found through scientific study. Rather, the existence of free will should be determined by the average person’s â€Å"assumption that personal freedom and responsibility are valid concepts†. In short, the argument that libertarians assert is that free will should be believed in simply because the majority of the population believes in it. The existence of freedom will most likely never be definitively proven orShow MoreRelatedFree Will vs Determinism627 Words   |  3 PagesTed Honderich Determinism Vs Free Will Psychology 101-1322 Professor: James Pattison By: Belinda Bielicki July 2, 2011 Determinism versus Free Will: The most important and the oldest philosophical question is perhaps that of free will and determinism. Do people have free will, or are our actions pre-determined? Ted Honderich defined determinism as the philosophical idea that every event or state of affairs, including every human decision and action, is the inevitable and necessaryRead MoreDeterminism Vs. Free Will1089 Words   |  5 Pages Determinism vs. Free will The belief that all events have causes and if there ever is an equivalent origin, the same outcome will occur is called determinism. Almost meaning that every event is certain and that there really isn’t such thing as â€Å"free will†. We have the debut of free will, it is an unmitigated appearance that simply holds that there is a case about anything that happens in the near future, nevertheless how it comes about. Which leads to the question, do we have free will? OrRead MoreFree Will Vs. Determinism879 Words   |  4 PagesFree Will vs. Determinism What determines and influences human behavior? Humans have been looking the answer for this question during several eras, thus they developed various theories attempting to explain human behavior. Determinism is the belief that one event is the consequence of a previous action, similar to a chain. According to some philosophers who support determinism, the will of an agent follows physical laws, and every action is explicable and predictable by physical conditions. By thisRead MoreFree will vs. Determinism1124 Words   |  5 PagesFree will vs. determinism is an argument as complex, intertwined, and co-dependent as nature vs. nurture or the age-old question of whether it was the chicken or the egg that came first. Philosophers have contemplated the question for ages, and arrived at no satisfactory answer. While considering which topic to address for this assignment, I posed the question of free will vs. determinism to a philosopher friend, whose response was â€Å"I don’t care.† He feels that the question is not worth askingRead MoreFree Will Vs. Determinism1526 Words   |  7 Pagesother’s throats: Free will versus determinism. Scientist believe they have proven that free will is a mere illusion. Philosophers think other wise. With many experiments and arguments included, both have a different view about this topic. One who believes that all thing, including human behavior, are already determined are people who believe in determinism. Others who believe in free will, believe that our actions are caused by free will and are not controlled. Believing in free will means that people’sRead MoreFree Will And Determinism Vs. Determinism1074 Words   |  5 PagesFree Will and Determinism For something to occur in this world, there must be the course and the reason for the occurrence, and which will then affect other future consequences. The theory of determinism states that all events whether moral choices or vices are predetermined by other existing courses. In the same connection, the free will of humans is connected to determinism since humans do things the best way, or they cannot act otherwise. According to Saul McLeod, â€Å"the determinist approach proposesRead MoreFree Will vs. Determinism Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pagesfierce-looking meatloaf, so you decide to go with pizza. So was your decision based off of free will or was this decision predetermined? To fully understand whether your actions resulted from free will or determinism, we must first define each. Determinism is the idea that everything happens due to a cause or a determinant, which is something that can be observed or measured. To put it simply, determinism does not mean that the future can be predicted. Rather, it is a prediction of the possible outcomesRead MoreFree Will Vs. Determinism1349 Words   |  6 Pagesquestions regarding free will and determinism. Free will is a human value that has inspired many individuals throughout history. These concepts of free will and determinism have inspired many poets, spiritualist, philosophers, and activist. There have been numerous philosophers who believe free will is a part of our human nature, and are continually questioning the concept of free will, constantly attempting to understand its true meaning. In contrast to free will, there is determinism, which seems toRead MoreDeterminism Vs. Free Will893 Words   |  4 Pagesthe future is already determined is known in philosophy as determinism.   There are various definitions of determinism available; but in this essay, I shall use the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy definition, which is ‘the metaphysical thesis that the facts of the past, in conjunction with the laws of nature, entail every truth about the future This idea presents a difficult problem for the concept of free will:  how can we make free choices if all our actions are determined by the facts of theRead MoreFree Will vs Determinism Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesPHIL 110 Essay #2 February 15, 2010 GTF: Emma Jones Free Will vs. Determinism The argument of whether we humans are pre determined to turn out how we are and act the way we do or if we are our own decision makers and have the freedom to choose our paths in life is a long-standing controversy. The ideas of Sartre, Freud, and Darwin are each strong in their own manner, yet Sartre presents the best and most realistic argument as to how we choose our path; we are in control of the things we do and

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Project Management Planning and Control Techniques Model

Question: Discuss about the Project Management for Planning and Control Techniques Model. Answer: Introduction The current projects are large, complex, and risky. Project management plays a significant role towards an organizations success. Project methodologies are models used by managers in the designing, planning, implementation, and achievement of project goals. Project methodologies have strategic, tactical, and operational benefits to an organization (Burke, 2013, p. 100). Queensland Rail Limited operates in Australia and is registered for undertaking business by the corporation's act of 2001. The essay will be based on the engineering and construction domain where Queensland Rail Limited is involved. In the engineering and construction field, tenders are given where interested parties apply to enter into the construction contracts. In this case, the open tender is about upgrading of the switchboard at the rail center 1 and the necessary security on the same offered as stated in the amended clauses. Project management methodologies lead to improved project performance and improved quality of standards (Heldman, 2015, p. 76). From this case study, choosing the most appropriate project management methodology makes a construction project flow. The case incorporates various technicalities of procurement and contracting sides when it comes to budgeting and execution. The management of Queensland Rail Limited needs to work with personal demands of the constructors, community, and other stakeholders to ensure that their project succeed. The purpose of this essay is to help students generate skills in the content and compilation of a contract, give learners an opportunity to consider the role of methodology for efficient work procedures, and enable learners to enhance their analysis of case studies with written communication skills. The essay will adequately demonstrate the methods used in Queensland Rail Limited case and its importance in project management. General Overview of Contract Terms From this case study, the major building and construction contract conditions of tendering include various parties. The agreement is entered into between the contractor and the winning bidder. The contractor refers to the entity contracting to execute the works while the tenderer is the entity submitting a tender. For the deal to occur, the principal (Queensland Rail Limited is involved as per the practices described in the tender documents. As per the methodology used by the contractor, all tenders which do not comply with the tender documents are rejected (Kerzner, 2013, p. 40). For the principal to access the tender and capability of the tenderer in completing the tenders satisfactorily, all bids are required to be accompanied with enough details and descriptions. Based on the Australian INR, all raw applications submitted to Queensland will be evaluated by best value for money. Other considerations conducted before awarding the construction tender include time to complete the wor k, tender price, history of the tenderer, quality assurance compliance, and full ownership costs. Construction Laws Change and complexity significantly affect Queensland Rail Limited (QRL) setting, and this prompts the management to be competitive, customer-oriented cost saving, and productive. The implementation of effective strategies is paramount to the success of QRL when it comes to tenders. The tender processes portrayed in this case illustrates the science of project management. To make contracts viable, the principal has amended the construction requirement laws in that under any circumstance that a tender is entered into by two contractees, they shall share the liabilities and obligations of the contract jointly (Meredith and Mantel Jr, 2011, p. 120). In this case, the project management methodology for the principal defines "bill of quantities" as the document that states the estimated amounts of the contract. All the works are carried out in business days and that whenever the principal has not paid the tenderer in time, he or she should file a payment claim hereof. Tender Openings The tender opportunities for QRL are advertised publicly and privately. Unlike the private domain, in public domain, the tenderers visit the company's openings of bids to get the verbal advice of the offer prices. The principal usually disclosed to the unsuccessful bidders the tendered price and name of the successful tenderer. The bids are required to be either variable or fixed as stated in the Annexure (Hong and Kwon, 2012, p. 455). Furthermore, the company's procurement act requires that only two forms of contracts will be acceptable, Lump sum or Schedule of rates and the partly lump sum or somewhat schedule of rates. Whenever the contract tendered is a lump sum or slightly lump sum, every tenderer is required to quote a price which shall complete the contract to satisfy the principal. Where the contract to be started is a schedule of rates or partly schedule of rates, the tenderers should state their prices deemed sufficient to complete the contract with tender documents and for the satisfaction of the principal (Potts and Ankrah, 2014, p. 50). In both cases, the principal, Queensland Rail Limited requires all tenderers to state the total price arrived at after summing up all the itemized amounts. Tendering Process Under this project methodology, QRL follows a project management lifecycle from initiation to closure, and this cycle enables managers in coming up with the administration processes and best practices (Porwal and Hewage, 2013, p. 210). In this tender case, the principal uses this process assignment across all tenders before giving a bid to the winning bidder. Initiation From this case, project initiation is conducted to sponsor the competitive bidding process and ensure a precise ongoing project governance. This phase plays a critical role in the management since all stakeholders in the contract are given a substantial head start of securing the tender success (Lou and Alshawi, 2010, p. 106). During the initiation stage, the principal (QRL), agrees to the project's goal while the contractor and tenderers explain why they need to be part of the project. All the potential risks are identified, proper time frames are established, and definition of efficient communication lines between the tenderers and the principle gets established. Planning Construction planning remains to be a significant and challenging operation in the management and establishment of construction projects. This involves the precise creation of tender tasks, definition of the needed resources, and the estimated time duration required for the execution of procurement contract (Lou and Alshawi, 2010, p. 100). In this case study, the construction tender requires valuable organizational decisions in the analysis of the competitive bidding process and the implications it has to Queensland in the long run. The management has ensured accurate record keeping as far as tender budgets information is concerned. Executing This requires the introduction of the project execution plan (PEP) which states the policies and procedures outlined by the principle (QRL) for the project sponsor's approval. In our case study for Queensland, there are terms indicated in the contract as per what the parties should do to ensure that the objectives and goals of the agreement gets met. The tender documents for subcontract assignments comprise all contract terms applicable and issued by the principle in the specification (Sodhi Son, and Tang, 2012, p. 5). The terms require that all services layout provided in the tender program shall be taken reasonably precise for the particular offer. From this case, the manager is required to post requests for pre-qualified architects to bid on the work available. Based on the fees and submission of necessary documents, tenders are awarded. Monitoring and controlling The monitoring and control of the procurement process start with planning and ends with the project closure. This case study shows that the management use cost engineering, cost control, and forecasting as the primary tools for monitoring the tender process. The management involves contractors, tenderers, and the principle in the analysis of project processes and tools used in planning so as to come up with mitigative strategies of minimizing risks and delay claims (Petkova, 2009, p. 220). By the use of project management manual tools and techniques, the project manager in QRL can manage budget updates, project safety, risk management, schedule updates, and communication with all stakeholders appropriately. Closing From the findings in the case, the closure of the tender process in a construction contract is not a straightforward process. The closure of a project remains as relevant to project management just as its initiation. The end of the project makes an organization cease from consuming unnecessary resources. In this case, the termination of the procurement contract between the tenderer and the principal arises only when one party violates both specific and general conditions of the contract (Kelly, Male, and Graham, 2014, p. 90). Based on the contractor's investigations, interpretations, information, deductions, and determinations about the contractees inability to enter into a contract leads to final closure of the tender. Tender Documents The contract documents for the subcontract to be given by the tenderer comprise the terms and conditions of the tender applicable to it as provided by Queensland and its specifications. All sections of this specification need to be studied about all other sections and requirements in the contract documentation (Verzuh, 2015, p. 99). All the conditions of the contract are issued by the principal with time specifications of the tender in addition to the conditions portrayed in the specification. For example, for drawing 9208.2/E1- whose title is rail center 1 new primary switchborad=schematic arrangement implies that the service layout is taken as significantly accurate for tender purposes only. Any other measurement and relevant information in undertaking all work portions are obtained from the job site before beginning the construction works. Scope of Work by the Contractor The contractor in the tender is responsible for the supply and installation of switch appliances, labor, cartage, tools, plant, fixings, and support systems for the work. From the case, in the opinion of the principle, when neither the drawings nor the specifications mention minor items which are deemed to be reasonable and necessary before the superintendent, it is satisfactory to terminate the work (Winch, 2010, p. 80). For example, the work to be conducted by the contractor includes alteration of the existing ATS panel of QTL, certify work before possible closure, supply and install new active power regulators, and tests all done work for defects validity confirmation. Pre and Post Tender Requirements From this case, all pre and post tender requirements get in force only when they do not conflict with any other terms of work issued by the principle during the tender time. The contractor is required to be well familiarized with tender site inspection to plan for tenderers the opportunity to inspect and document the condition of construction site Doloi, Iyer, and Sawhney, 2011, p. 690). The contractor should have carefully examined all documents of the contract and the location at the time of tender to gain extra information necessary to complete the project. Further, this project's methodology requires that the work is undertaken in a manner that conforms to the program submitted by the contractor. For example, the application must define the full details of the staging of the works as well as the proposed data delivery of new APR to the work sites. Conforming and Alternative Tenders The principal requires the tenderers to lodge with hum alternative bid except where options are not allowed by the contract for the part of works (Mohemad, 2010, p. 2000). In the annexure, Queensland Rail Limited require all tenderers to include a separate section in tenders that indicates compliance with the clause. The bidder may submit an alternative tender where a significant variation from the specification is proposed. Tender Withdrawal The terms and conditions of the contract state that tenders are withdrawable at a particular time before closure of bids by notice in writing to the principal (Fewings, 2013, p.66). These proposals will be set aside for unopened collection by the tenderer after signing for the tenders even before the award of the contract. Conclusion For project management to be successful, various tender processes are significant. Successful projects have clearly defined objectives, precise management process, and a proven set procurement tools. Project methodology carries both strengths and weaknesses. The administration should follow the most suitable project methodology so as to reap the maximum benefits. Suitable methods enable procurement managers design, plan, and implement their project's goals efficiently. Therefore, managers should employ the most appropriate project methodology that caters to the needs of the project being undertaken as per the industry domain. References Burke, R., 2013. Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Doloi, H., Iyer, K.C. and Sawhney, A., 2011. Structural equation model for assessing impacts of contractor's performance on project success.International Journal of Project Management,29(6), pp.687-695. Fewings, P., 2013.Construction project management: an integrated approach. Routledge. Heldman, K., 2015.PMP Project Management Professional Exam Deluxe Study Guide: Updated for the 2015 Exam. John Wiley Sons. Hong, P. and Kwon, H.B., 2012. Emerging issues of procurement management: a review and prospect.International Journal of Procurement Management 4,5(4), pp.452-469. Kelly, J., Male, S. and Graham, D., 2014.Value management of construction projects. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Lou, E.C.W. and Alshawi, M., 2010. Critical success factors for e-tendering implementation in construction collaborative environments: people and process issues.Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon),14(10), pp.98-109. Meredith, J.R. and Mantel Jr, S.J., 2011.Project management: a managerial approach. John Wiley Sons. Mohemad, R., Hamdan, A.R., Othman, Z.A. and Noor, N.M.M., 2010. Decision support systems (DSS) in construction tendering processes.arXiv preprint arXiv:1004.3260. Petkova, V., Lockie, S., Rolfe, J. and Ivanova, G., 2009. Mining developments and social impacts on communities: Bowen Basin case studies.Rural Society,19(3), pp.211-228. Porwal, A., and Hewage, K.N., 2013. Building Information Modeling (BIM) partnering framework for public construction projects.Automation in Construction,31, pp.204-214. Potts, K. and Ankrah, N., 2014.Construction cost management: learning from case studies. Routledge. Sodhi, M.S., Son, B.G. and Tang, C.S., 2012. Researchers' perspectives on supply chain risk management.Production and operations management,21(1), pp.1-13. Verzuh, E., 2015.The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley Sons. Winch, G.M., 2010.Managing construction projects. John Wiley Sons.